What Records Do You Need to Keep for HMRC in 2026? A Complete Guide for Self-Employed, Landlords & Limited Companies
What Records Do You Need to Keep for HMRC in 2026? A Complete Guide for Self-Employed, Landlords & Limited Companies What Records Do You Need to Keep for HMRC in 2026? A Complete Guide for Self-Employed, Landlords & Limited Companies Yes — HMRC requires you to keep accurate business and tax records so you can complete your tax returns correctly and prove your figures if they carry out a check. Poor record-keeping is one of the most common reasons for penalties, disputes, and unexpected tax bills. Updated March 2026: With Making Tax Digital for Income Tax (MTD ITSA) now mandatory for self-employed individuals and landlords earning over £50,000 (and rolling out to lower thresholds in coming years), digital record-keeping is no longer optional for many. Paper records alone are no longer sufficient for those in scope. At Filing Accounts, we help self-employed people, landlords, and limited company directors maintain compliant records and avoid costly HMRC penalties. Contact us today for practical record-keeping advice or to set up proper systems for your business. Why You Must Keep Records for HMRC HMRC expects you to keep records that allow you (and them) to: Calculate your correct tax liability Support your Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, or VAT returns Provide evidence during any compliance check or enquiry Failing to keep adequate records can lead to: Fixed penalties of £100+ Further penalties based on the tax at risk Loss of expense claims Increased chance of a full tax investigation What Records Do You Need to Keep? (By Business Type) 1. Self-Employed / Sole Traders You must keep records of: All income — invoices issued, bank statements, till rolls, online sales reports, and any other money received All business expenses — receipts, invoices, mileage logs, bank statements, and petty cash records Personal income — PAYE payslips, pensions, savings interest, dividends, etc. VAT records (if VAT registered) — full VAT invoices and VAT account summaries PAYE records (if you employ staff) Mileage and vehicle records — business miles, fuel, and maintenance Home office expenses — if claiming a proportion of rent, utilities, etc. Digital requirement (from April 2026): If your combined self-employment + property income exceeds £50,000, you must keep digital records and submit quarterly updates under Making Tax Digital. 2. Landlords (Property Income) Rental income records (tenancy agreements, rent receipts) Property expenses (repairs, insurance, agent fees, mortgage interest — note restrictions apply) Utility bills and service charges Capital expenditure (for capital allowances or CGT purposes) 3. Limited Companies Companies must keep full accounting records for at least 6 years from the end of the financial year, including: Sales and purchase invoices Bank, credit card, and cash records Asset registers (for depreciation and capital allowances) Payroll and RTI records (if you have employees) Director’s loan accounts Minutes of board meetings (especially for dividends) How Long Do You Need to Keep Records? Situation Minimum Retention Period Self-Employed / Self Assessment 5 years after 31 January filing deadline Limited Companies (Corporation Tax) 6 years from end of accounting period VAT-registered businesses 6 years PAYE / Employment records 3 years (some up to 6 years) Example: For the 2025/26 tax year (filed by 31 Jan 2027), self-employed individuals must keep records until at least 31 January 2032. Making Tax Digital Record-Keeping Requirements (2026) From April 2026, if your self-employment or property income exceeds £50,000: All records must be kept digitally in HMRC-recognised software You cannot rely on paper records or spreadsheets alone You must submit quarterly updates to HMRC Even if you’re below the threshold, moving to digital records now is highly recommended. Best Practice Tips for Record-Keeping in 2026 Use accounting software (Xero, QuickBooks, FreeAgent, etc.) for automatic bank feeds and digital trails Scan and store all receipts digitally with date, amount, and description Keep separate personal and business bank accounts Review records monthly rather than leaving everything until year-end Back up your data regularly (cloud storage is best) Maintain a mileage log if claiming vehicle expenses What Our Clients Say on Trustpilot “Filing Accounts set up proper digital records for me under MTD. Made my life so much easier!” – Anonymous, March 2026 (5 stars) “They reviewed my existing records and helped me become fully compliant. Excellent service.” – Mark T., February 2026 (5 stars) “Saved me from potential penalties with clear record-keeping advice.” – Sarah L., January 2026 (5 stars) With our consistent 4.2/5 Trustpilot rating, businesses trust us to keep their records HMRC-compliant. Frequently Asked Questions What is the penalty for not keeping records? HMRC can charge penalties of £100 or more, plus further penalties based on the tax lost. Do I need to keep paper copies? No — digital records are acceptable (and required under MTD), as long as they are accurate and accessible. How long should I keep records if I’m a limited company? At least 6 years from the end of the company’s financial year. Can Filing Accounts help me set up proper record-keeping? Yes — we can review your current system, recommend software, and ensure you meet all HMRC requirements. Official GOV.UK resources: Business records if you’re self-employed Keeping records for Self Assessment Making Tax Digital for Income Tax Need Help Setting Up Proper HMRC-Compliant Records? Good record-keeping doesn’t have to be complicated or time-consuming. Filing Accounts provides practical, affordable support to help you maintain compliant records, whether you’re self-employed, a landlord, or running a limited company. Contact us today or book a free consultation — we’ll review your current records and set you up with a system that works for your business in 2026.
